Since the Han Dynasty, owing to different understandings of the meaning of Ning Wuzi s "stupidity" in "Gong Yechang" of The Confucian Analects, there have been two kinds of opinions in Chinese academic circles: real stupidity and intended stupidity.
汉代以来 ,学界对《论语·公冶长》第 2 1章中宁武子之“愚”的理解 ,大致可分为“佯愚论”和“真愚论”两大类。
New Arguments of Enlightenment Thinkers on "Shang Zhi Xia Yu" in Late Ming and Early Qing Period;
明末清初启蒙教育家的上智下愚新论
The best capacities are as much above this drudgery (that of acquiring book-learning) as the dullest are beneath it. --Hazlitt
对于获取书本知识这一苦事，下愚之人智力够不上，上智之人则不屑为。——哈兹利特
Wise men learn something of fools; but fools nothing of wise men .
智者从愚人身上学到某些东西;愚人从智者身上却好不到任何东西。
The wise man is deceive but once, the fool twice.
智者只上一次当，愚人可上二次当。
"There is a store of great value in the house of the wise, but it is wasted by the foolish man."
智慧人家中积蓄宝物膏油。愚昧人随得来随吞下。
Zeal is fit only for wise men, but is found mostly in fools.
热诚只适宜于智者，但热诚多半在愚者身上。
There is no fool who is happy, and no wise man who is not.
世界上没有快乐的愚人也没有不快乐的智者.
Questions are never indiscreet;answers sometimes are.
天下无愚问，时或有愚答。
To flee from folly is the Beginning of wisdom.
抛弃愚蠢是智慧的开始。
Was it foolish or wise?
这究竟是愚昧还是智慧?
A fool may ask more questions in an hour than a wise man can answer in seven years
愚者所问,智者难答
The fool wander, the wise man travel.
愚人瞎逛，智者游览。
Fool lade out all the water, and wise men take the fish .
愚人涸干水，智者取走鱼。
Wise men make proverbs and fools repeat them .
智者造谚语，愚人来效仿。
What the fool does in the end the wise man does at the begin .
智者开创，愚人模仿。
Fool bite one another, but wise men agree together.
愚人咬群，智者和睦。
Good words and ill deeds decieve wise men and fools
话好行为劣,欺骗智和愚
A fool's bolt is soon shot.
愚者易于智穷力竭。