There are as well as density - dependent biological factors such as disease, predation, and intraspecific conpetition.
还有密度制约的生物因素,诸如病害 、 捕食和种内竞争等.
辞典例句
The results indicated that intraspecific and interspecific difference were significant.
结果表明,种间和种内差异显著.
互联网
Inter and intraspecific conflict and competition, and cooperation, are part of nature in most species.
种族内和种族间的冲突和竞争, 还有合作, 是大多数种族的一种天性.
互联网
"intraspecific competition"